Water moderately during the growing season (spring to autumn), allowing the soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Reduce watering significantly in winter, providing just enough to prevent complete desiccation.

Overwatering can lead to root rot, so ensure good drainage.

Prune in late winter or early spring to shape the plant and remove any dead or crossing branches. Light pruning can be done after flowering to maintain a tidy appearance and encourage bushier growth.

Avoid heavy pruning, as it can stress the plant.

Propagate primarily through seeds sown in spring, often requiring scarification or soaking to improve germination rates. Cuttings can also be taken from semi-hardwood in summer, treated with rooting hormone, and placed in a well-draining medium.

Repot young plants annually in spring, and mature plants every 2-3 years. Use a well-draining potting mix, such as a cactus or succulent blend. Ensure the new pot has adequate drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.