Water consistently, especially during dry spells, to maintain moist, well-drained soil. Avoid waterlogged conditions which can lead to root rot.

Deep watering is preferable to frequent shallow sprinklings to encourage robust root development. Reduce watering slightly in late summer to allow the plant to harden off.

Prune to maintain a desirable shape and encourage air circulation, typically in late winter while the plant is dormant. Remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches.

Thin out crowded stems to improve light penetration and nut yield. Coppicing can be practiced for vigorous regrowth and easier harvesting.

Propagate by seeds, which require stratification. Alternatively, it can be propagated by suckers or root cuttings taken in late winter or early spring. Layering is also an effective method.

For more vigorous growth and improved nut production, grafting onto a suitable rootstock can be considered.

Repotting is generally not applicable for mature trees in their native environment. For container-grown specimens, repot in spring every 2-3 years as needed, moving to a slightly larger container with well-draining soil.

Ensure not to disturb the root ball excessively to minimize transplant shock.