Water moderately during the growing season, allowing the soil to dry out slightly between waterings.

Reduce watering significantly in summer dormancy, providing only enough to prevent the tubers from completely desiccating. Overwatering can lead to root rot, especially in poorly draining soils.

Pruning is minimal. Remove spent flower stalks after flowering to maintain a tidy appearance and prevent self-seeding if unwanted. In autumn, cut back any remaining dead foliage to the ground.

This helps prevent fungal diseases and prepares the plant for winter.

Propagation is typically done by dividing established clumps in late autumn or early spring before active growth begins. Seeds can also be sown in autumn outdoors or in a cold frame.

Ensure seeds are fresh and kept moist until germination, which can be erratic.

Repotting is rarely necessary for established plants as they prefer to be undisturbed. If container-grown plants become pot-bound or require division, repot in late autumn or early spring.

Use a well-draining soil mix and a pot only slightly larger than the root ball to avoid excess moisture retention.