Water thoroughly when the soil is completely dry, usually every 2-4 weeks in the growing season. Reduce watering significantly in winter, allowing soil to dry out between waterings.

Overwatering is the most common cause of root rot, so err on the side of underwatering.

Prune to maintain shape, remove damaged or dead stems, or to control size. Use a sharp, sterile knife or pruning shears. Wear gloves as the sap is a skin irritant.

Allow cuts to callus over before watering to prevent rot.

Propagate from stem cuttings. Take cuttings from healthy stems, allowing them to dry and callus over for a few days to a week. Plant the callused end into well-draining potting mix.

Keep slightly moist and warm until roots form.

Repot every 2-3 years or when the plant becomes root-bound. Use a gritty, well-draining cactus or succulent potting mix. Choose a pot that is only slightly larger than the current one. Repot in spring or early summer.