Water regularly, especially during dry periods, ensuring the soil remains consistently moist but not waterlogged. Reduce watering in winter when the plant is dormant.

Aim for deep watering to encourage strong root development, and check soil moisture before applying more water.

Prune to shape the tree, remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches, and to improve air circulation. Light pruning can be done in late summer to maintain form.

Major pruning is best undertaken during the dormant season in late winter before bud break.

Propagate from seed, which requires stratification (a period of cold, moist treatment) to break dormancy. It can also be propagated from softwood cuttings taken in early summer, or semi-hardwood cuttings in mid-summer, using a rooting hormone.

Repot young trees every 2-3 years, or when root-bound, typically in early spring before new growth starts. Use a well-draining potting mix.

Mature trees generally do not require frequent repotting and are better transplanted when necessary.