Water regularly to keep the soil consistently moist, especially during flowering and pod development. Avoid waterlogging, as this can lead to root rot. Reduce watering once plants reach maturity and pods begin to dry.

Aim for deep watering less frequently rather than shallow watering daily.

Pruning is generally not required for cowpeas. However, you can pinch back the tips of young plants to encourage bushier growth.

Remove any dead or diseased foliage promptly to maintain plant health and prevent the spread of issues. Overgrown vines can be lightly trimmed if they become unmanageable.

Cowpeas are easily propagated by seeds. Sow seeds directly into the ground after the last frost, when soil temperatures are consistently above 15°C.

Plant seeds about 2-3 cm deep and 15-30 cm apart, depending on the variety. Germination typically occurs within 7-14 days.

Cowpeas are typically grown as annuals and are not repotted. They are usually direct-sown into the garden or large containers.

If started indoors, transplant seedlings into their final growing location when they have a few sets of true leaves and all danger of frost has passed.