Water regularly, especially during dry periods, ensuring the soil remains consistently moist but not waterlogged. Reduce watering in winter. Check soil moisture before watering to avoid over or under-watering.

Deep watering encourages a stronger root system.

Prune in late winter or early spring while the tree is dormant. Remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches. Aim to create an open, well-shaped canopy. Light pruning can be done in summer to control size and shape.

Propagation is typically done through grafting onto rootstock, usually in late winter. Budding is another effective method.

Seeds can be used but may not reliably produce true-to-type offspring and require stratification.

Repot young trees every 2-3 years, or when root-bound, usually in early spring before new growth starts. Mature trees rarely need repotting. Use well-draining soil and a pot slightly larger than the previous one.