Water regularly during establishment and dry periods, ensuring the soil is consistently moist but not waterlogged.

Reduce watering in cooler months once the tree is mature, allowing the top few centimeters of soil to dry out between waterings. Avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal diseases.

Prune to shape young trees and remove any dead, damaged, or crossing branches. For mature trees, prune in late winter or early spring to maintain structure and encourage healthy growth.

Remove suckers from the base of the trunk promptly. Light pruning can also be done after flowering.

Propagation is typically done by sowing seeds in autumn or spring, often requiring stratification for better germination. Semi-hardwood cuttings can also be taken in summer and rooted under humid conditions.

Grafting is another method, usually performed in late winter.

Repot young trees every 2-3 years in spring, or when root-bound. Use a well-draining potting mix. For mature trees, repotting is rarely necessary unless container-grown.

Ensure adequate drainage holes in the pot to prevent root rot.