Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry. Avoid letting the plant dry out completely, especially during dry periods.

Reduce watering slightly in winter when growth slows.

Remove dead, damaged, or yellowing fronds as they appear to maintain the plant's health and appearance. Cut back old fronds at the base of the plant in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges.

Propagate by dividing established clumps in spring. Carefully separate rhizomes with roots and at least one healthy frond. Replant divisions immediately in moist, well-draining soil.

Alternatively, spores can be sown in spring on moist compost.

Repot container-grown plants every 2-3 years or when they become root-bound. Choose a pot only slightly larger than the current one.

Use a well-draining potting mix, preferably one formulated for ferns or with added organic matter.