Water thoroughly when the top 2-3 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot. During hot weather or when the plant is actively growing, it may require more frequent watering.

Reduce watering in cooler months.

Pinch back young plants to encourage bushier growth. Remove spent flowers to promote further blooming and prevent seed formation.

Prune established vines in late winter or early spring to manage size and shape, and to remove any dead or damaged stems. Vigorous pruning can rejuvenate older plants.

Easily propagated from seeds sown indoors in early spring, about 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost. Seeds can also be sown directly outdoors after the danger of frost has passed.

Cuttings can also be taken from stem tips in late spring or early summer and rooted in moist potting mix.

Young plants may need repotting annually or bi-annually in the spring. Choose a pot that is only slightly larger than the current one. Ensure the new pot has adequate drainage holes.

Mature plants generally prefer to be slightly root-bound, so repotting may only be necessary every 2-3 years.