Water deeply when the top 5-10 cm of soil feels dry. Avoid waterlogged conditions, as this can lead to root rot. Reduce watering frequency during winter dormancy.

Ensure good drainage to prevent excess moisture buildup around the roots, especially for young trees.

Prune in late winter or early spring before bud break to shape the tree and remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches. Aim for an open canopy structure to allow for good air circulation and light penetration.

Make clean cuts just outside the branch collar.

Propagate by seed, typically sown in autumn outdoors, or by semi-hardwood cuttings taken in summer. Seeds may require stratification.

Cuttings should be treated with rooting hormone and placed in a well-draining medium in a humid environment.

Repot young trees every 2-3 years in early spring before growth begins. Mature trees rarely need repotting unless root-bound. Use a well-draining potting mix, such as a combination of loam, sand, and compost.

Ensure the new pot is only slightly larger than the current one.