Water thoroughly when the top 2-3 cm of soil feels dry. Avoid waterlogging, as this can lead to root rot. Reduce watering in cooler months when the plant's growth slows. Ensure good drainage to prevent issues.

Prune to remove dead, damaged, or crossing stems. This can be done after flowering to maintain shape and encourage bushier growth. Wear gloves as the plant can be spiny. Light pruning can be done any time.

Propagate from seed sown in spring or from root cuttings taken in late winter. Seeds may require stratification. Root cuttings should be planted in well-draining soil and kept moist until established.

Repot young plants annually, and mature plants every 2-3 years, preferably in spring. Use a well-draining potting mix. Choose a pot slightly larger than the current one. Ensure the drainage holes are adequate.