Water thoroughly when the top 2-5 cm of soil feels dry. Avoid waterlogging, as citrus dislikes constantly wet roots. Reduce watering in cooler months. Ensure good drainage to prevent root rot.

Overwatering is a common issue, so monitor soil moisture closely.

Prune to shape the tree, remove dead or crossing branches, and improve air circulation. Light pruning can be done year-round, but heavier pruning is best in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.

Remove suckers from the base promptly.

Lemons are typically propagated by grafting or budding onto a rootstock for disease resistance and vigor. Growing from seed is possible, but the resulting tree may not produce true-to-type fruit and takes many years to mature.

Repot young trees every 1-2 years, and mature trees every 3-4 years, or when root-bound. Use a well-draining potting mix formulated for citrus or cacti. Choose a pot that is only slightly larger than the current one.

Repot in spring.