Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, as Microlepia speluncae prefers humid conditions. Water thoroughly when the top 2-3 cm of soil feels dry.

Reduce watering slightly in cooler months, but avoid letting the soil dry out completely. Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot.

Remove any dead, damaged, or yellowing fronds as needed to maintain a tidy appearance and encourage new growth. Pruning can be done at any time of year.

Cut stems back to the base to promote a fuller plant and prevent disease.

Microlepia speluncae can be propagated by dividing established clumps during repotting. Carefully separate rhizomes with healthy fronds and roots.

Alternatively, spores can be collected from mature fronds and sown on a moist propagation medium under humid conditions.

Repot every 2-3 years or when the plant becomes root-bound. Use a well-draining potting mix, such as a blend of peat moss, perlite, and compost.

Choose a pot that is slightly larger than the current one to allow for root expansion.