Water regularly, especially when young and during dry spells. Allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Mature trees are more drought-tolerant. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so ensure good drainage.

Reduce watering in winter.

Prune to maintain shape and remove dead or damaged branches. Light pruning can be done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Avoid heavy pruning, as it can stress the tree.

Remove crossing or rubbing branches to prevent damage.

Best propagated from seed, which requires stratification. Sow seeds in a well-draining seed-starting mix in a cool greenhouse or outdoors. Cuttings are generally difficult to root.

Patience is key for successful germination and establishment.

Young trees may need repotting every 2-3 years into a slightly larger container. Use a well-draining potting mix. Mature trees are best left in situ.

Repotting should ideally be done in spring before the start of the growing season.