Water thoroughly when the soil is completely dry, typically in spring and summer. Reduce watering significantly in autumn and winter, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings to prevent root rot.

Overwatering is the most common cause of problems.

Prune to shape the plant or remove dead or damaged segments. Use a clean, sharp knife or scissors. Allow cuts to callus over for a few days before replanting or watering to prevent infection.

Minimal pruning is generally required.

Propagate by stem cuttings (segments). Allow severed segments to dry and callus for several days to a week before planting in well-draining cactus soil.

Rooting is usually successful with minimal intervention, often in spring or summer.

Repot every 2-3 years or when the plant outgrows its container, preferably in spring. Use a well-draining cactus or succulent mix. Choose a pot that is only slightly larger than the current root ball.

Handle with care due to spines.