Allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering is the most common cause of problems. Reduce watering significantly in winter, providing just enough to prevent extreme shriveling.

Ensure good drainage to prevent root rot.

Prune Opuntia maxima to manage size and shape, or to remove damaged or diseased pads. Use a sharp, clean knife or pruners. Allow cuts to callus over before replanting or leaving the plant exposed to prevent infection.

Easily propagated from pads. Allow detached pads to callus for several days to a week before planting them upright in well-draining soil. Roots typically form within a few weeks.

Repot when the plant becomes root-bound, usually every 2-3 years. Use a coarse, well-draining potting mix designed for cacti and succulents.

Choose a pot that is only slightly larger than the current one, with drainage holes.