Water regularly, especially when young and during dry spells. Ensure the soil is consistently moist but not waterlogged. Reduce watering in winter.

Mature plants are relatively drought-tolerant once established, but benefit from occasional deep watering during prolonged dry periods.

Prune to maintain shape, remove dead or diseased branches, and improve air circulation. Light pruning can be done after flowering to encourage bushiness.

Heavy pruning is best done in late winter while the plant is dormant. Aim to create an open, attractive structure.

Seeds can be sown in autumn or stratified indoors. Hardwood cuttings taken in late autumn or winter can be rooted. Layering in spring is another effective method.

Grafting onto suitable rootstock is also possible for specific cultivars.

Young plants may need repotting every 1-2 years to encourage root growth. Choose a pot only slightly larger than the current one. Use a well-draining potting mix.

Mature plants rarely need repotting and are best planted directly into their final location.