Safety note: This plant may be toxic to humans and pets. See toxicity details.
Xanthium echinatum, Beach Cocklebur, is an annual herb with spiny burr fruits, often found in coastal areas. It is considered a weed in many regions.
At-a-glance light, water, soil, and growing conditions from plant data
Full Sun
100% intensity
Prefers full sun for optimal growth and flowering. Can tolerate partial shade but may become leggy.
Moderate
50% intensity
Keep soil consistently moist, allowing the top layer to dry slightly between waterings. Reduce watering during dormancy.
Well-drained, sandy, alkaline soils
50% intensity
Moderate
50% intensity
Thrives in warm to hot temperatures. It is sensitive to frost and typically grows as an annual in cooler climates.
Low
25% intensity
Requires minimal fertilization. A light application of balanced fertilizer in spring is usually sufficient.
Safety information from plant toxicity data
| Attribute | Value |
|---|---|
| Toxic for humans | Yes 5/5 intensity |
| Toxic for pets | Yes 5/5 intensity |
| Edible | No |
All parts of the plant are toxic, especially the seeds and seedlings. Contains xanthene, which can cause digestive upset, liver damage, and even death in livestock and humans if ingested in sufficient quantities.
Key traits and growing stats from plant data
Watering, pruning, propagation, and repotting details from plant data
Beach cocklebur prefers consistent moisture, especially during establishment and flowering. Water deeply when the top 2-3 cm of soil feels dry. Reduce watering in winter dormancy.
Avoid waterlogged conditions, as this can lead to root rot. Ensure good drainage.
Pruning is generally not required for Xanthium echinatum. If plants become overgrown or unsightly, they can be cut back in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
Removing spent flower heads can prevent unwanted seed dispersal.
Propagation is easily achieved through seeds. Sow seeds in spring after the last frost, either directly in the ground or in pots. Stratification is not typically necessary.
Germination is usually rapid, and young plants establish quickly.
Repotting is typically not necessary for this species, as it is often grown as an annual or allowed to self-seed. If grown in containers and it becomes root-bound, repot in spring to a slightly larger container with fresh, well-draining potting mix.
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Monthly activity intensity for bloom and fruit across both hemispheres.
Flowering & fruiting calendar
Flowering & fruiting calendar
Photos of Beach Cocklebur (Xanthium echinatum)
Common names and botanical synonyms
Botanical classification
| Rank | Name |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Division | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Asterales |
| Family | Asteraceae |
| Genus | Xanthium |
| Species | Xanthium echinatum |
Similar in genus Xanthium
Answers based on plant encyclopedia data
