Water regularly, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot. In hot, dry weather, increase watering frequency.

Ensure good drainage to prevent waterlogging, especially during winter months when the plant is dormant.

Prune in late winter or early spring to remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches. This helps maintain plant shape and encourages vigorous new growth.

Deadheading spent flowers is generally not necessary unless aiming to prevent seed formation.

Propagate from seeds sown in autumn or early spring. Seeds require stratification; sow them in pots, cover lightly with soil, and expose to a period of cold (e. g.

, in a cold frame or refrigerator) for 2-3 months before bringing indoors to germinate. Root cuttings can also be taken.

Repot young plants annually in spring as needed. Mature plants are less fussy and can remain in the same pot for several years. Use a well-draining potting mix.

Repotting is primarily for addressing root-bound conditions or refreshing the soil.