Melothria cucumis prefers consistent moisture. Water regularly, keeping the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Allow the top centimeter of soil to dry out slightly between waterings, especially during warmer periods.

Reduce watering slightly in cooler weather or when the plant is less actively growing to prevent root rot.

Pruning is generally minimal for Melothria cucumis, primarily focusing on removing any dead, damaged, or diseased stems to maintain plant health. You can also trim back overly long or sprawling vines to manage the plant's size and shape, especially if it's grown in a confined space, to improve air circulation.

Propagate Melothria cucumis from seed. Sow seeds indoors about 3-4 weeks before the last expected frost, or directly outdoors after all danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed.

Seeds germinate best in warm, moist soil. Young plants can be transplanted carefully once they have a few true leaves.

Repot young Melothria cucumis plants annually or when they become root-bound, typically in the spring. Choose a pot that is slightly larger than the previous one, ensuring it has adequate drainage holes.

Use a well-draining potting mix. For mature plants, repotting might only be necessary every 2-3 years.