Water thoroughly when the top 5 cm of soil is dry. Avoid waterlogging, as Proteas are susceptible to root rot. Reduce watering significantly during winter dormancy to prevent over-moist conditions.

Ensure excellent drainage in pots and garden beds.

Prune after flowering to maintain shape and remove spent flower heads. Cut back to a healthy leaf node. Avoid hard pruning into old wood, as Proteas do not readily regrow from it.

Light shaping can be done anytime to remove dead or crossing branches.

Propagate from semi-hardwood cuttings taken in late spring or early summer. Use a rooting hormone and a well-draining, sterile medium. Maintain high humidity and moderate temperatures for successful rooting.

Seed propagation is possible but slower and less reliable.

Repot young plants every 1-2 years, or when root-bound, preferably in spring. Use a well-draining, gritty potting mix. Choose a pot that is only slightly larger than the current one.

Avoid disturbing the root ball excessively to minimize transplant shock.