Provide consistent moisture during the growing season, allowing the top few centimeters of soil to dry out between waterings.

Reduce watering in autumn and winter to prevent waterlogged roots, especially if grown outdoors in cooler climates. Ensure good drainage to avoid root rot.

Prune in late winter while the plant is dormant. Remove any dead, damaged, or crossing branches. Aim to create an open, well-ventilated canopy.

Lightly thin out crowded areas to improve light penetration and air circulation, which aids fruit development.

Propagate by grafting in late winter or early spring onto a suitable rootstock, such as common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) or other related species. Seed propagation is also possible but may result in offspring with different characteristics from the parent plant.

Young plants benefit from repotting every 2-3 years in early spring. Mature specimens generally do not require frequent repotting and can be top-dressed with fresh compost.

Ensure the new pot provides adequate drainage to prevent waterlogging.