Water regularly, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, especially during dry periods. Reduce watering in winter when the plant is dormant.

Allow the top inch of soil to dry out slightly between waterings for established plants.

Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges to shape the tree, remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches, and improve air circulation. Light thinning can be done after flowering to maintain structure.

Propagate from seed sown in autumn or by taking semi-hardwood cuttings in summer. Seeds require stratification. Cuttings should be treated with rooting hormone and kept in a humid environment until established.

Young plants may benefit from repotting every 2-3 years in spring. Mature trees generally do not require frequent repotting and prefer to be established in their location. Ensure good drainage in the new pot.